Pharmaceutical manufacturers and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

rely on mobile phone apps and adverse event reporting websites as the primary means

of active surveillance from patients for COVID-19 vaccines.1 However, digital tools

for side-effect surveillance emphasise data collection over providing user feedback,

and public misperceptions might influence what is reported and the causal attributions.

Preliminary evidence shows that traditional fact-checking approaches to side-effect

misinformation can backfire by establishing unsound causal connections; when submitted

to health authorities, plausible reports of biological harm might be dismissed if

they are tinged with misperceptions.

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